英语表示喜好和优先的句型
英语表示喜好和优先的句型
A.当表达喜好和优先选项时,最简单的用prefer的名词preference, 例如:
1. He studied chemistry in preference to physics at university.
2. I can't say that I have any particular preference.
3. Please indicate your preference on the booking form.
4. Choosing furniture is largely a matter of personal preference.
B.在口语中 would rather被用作表达优先的喜好,看下面的对话。
John: Let's go out tonight.
Mary: That's a good idea.
John: How about going to a film? There's a new film out with Tom Hanks.
Mary: I'd rather go out for dinner. I'm hungry!
John: Okay. Which restaurant would you prefer?
Mary: I'd prefer to eat at Johnny's. They serve great steaks.
再看一段对话:
Sue: I'm not sure which topic to choose for my essay.
Debby: Well, what are your choices?
Sue: I can write about the economy or about a book.
Debby: Which would you rather write about?
Sue: I'd prefer to write about a book.
Debby: How about Moby Dick?
Sue: No, I'd rather write about Timothy's Gift.
肯定句的表达方式:
Subject + would rather ('d rather) + verb
Peter would rather spend time on the beach.
I would rather learn a new language than study math.
疑问句的表达方式:
Would + subject + rather + verb
Would you rather stay at home?
Would they rather do homework tomorrow morning?
否定句的表达方式:
Subject + would rather ('d rather) + not + verb
She'd rather not go to class today.
I'd rather not answer that question.
在选择喜好时还可以用Would Rather Than来选择两种特定的行为,此时than之后用动词原形:
Would you rather eat dinner out than cook dinner tonight?
She would rather play tennis than go horseback riding.
Would Rather 可以用在疑问句中和连词or共用,提问选择两个选项:
Would you rather eat here or go out?
Would you rather study or watch TV?
用Would Rather 可以表达希望某人做某事,这种结构类似非真实情况,因为表达想象的情况,此外还可以委婉地提问, 但动词是过去式:
S + would rather + Person + past verb
Tom would rather Mary bought an SUV. (注意动词用过去)
Would you rather she stayed here with us?
肯定句:Subject + would rather ('d rather) + object + past tense
I would rather my son worked in finance.
Susan would rather Peter took a plane.
疑问句:Would + subject + rather + object + past tense
Would you rather her sister flew home tomorrow?
Would you rather he came with us to the meeting?
C. 用would prefer表达优先的喜好,这时候prefer后面接动词不定式较多:
肯定句:Subject + would prefer ('d prefer) + infinitive (to do)
Jennifer would prefer to stay at home tonight.
The teacher would prefer to have the test next week.
疑问句:Would + subject + prefer + infinitive (to do)
Would you prefer to go out for dinner tonight?
Would they prefer to stay in New York for the week?
D.用 Prefer表示优先选择,此时往往是一般现在时,在两者之间做出选择:
肯定句:Subject + prefer + object + to + object
She prefers coffee to tea.
I prefer summer vacations to winter vacations.
疑问句:Do + subject + prefer + object + to + object
Do you prefer wine to beer?
Does she prefer New York to Chicago?
当用prefer做选择时,既可以跟不定式,也可以接动名词,但前后必须统一。
肯定句:Subject + prefer + to do / doing + object
My friend prefers to finish his chores early in the morning.
Jack prefers doing his homework at home to doing it in the library.
疑问句:Do + subject + prefer + to do / doing + object
When do you prefer staying at home to going out at night?
Does she prefer to eat in restaurants?
练习:
- Jennifer would rather _____ (stay) home for dinner tonight.
- I think I'd prefer _______ (play) chess today.
- Would you rather I _____ (leave) you alone?
- I'd rather the students _____ (study) for their test.
- Peter prefers _____ (relax) at home on the weekend.
Answers:
- stay
- to play
- left
- study
- relaxing / to relax
用to, than, or填空:
- Do you prefer coffee _____ tea?
- I think I'd prefer _____ drive to California.
- Would you rather go to the club _____ go to the beach? (asking for a choice)
- He'd rather work all day _____ go to the beach! (make a specific choice)
- My friend prefers Japanese food _____ American food.
Answers:
- to
- to
- or
- than
- to