疑问词:怎样将越野车改装成最适合攀爬山路的越野车?,

2018年高考英语优等生百日压轴提分语法填空之神秘的从句解题策略

2018年高考英语优等生百日压轴提分语法填空之神秘的从句解题策略

方法与知识

优等生基本没有知识的问题,所以优等生的备考冲刺重点在于:1.梳理正确的做题方法和技巧;2.精选难度适中的训练题。

定语从句

命题规律

定语从句是高考的热点,对于定语从句考纲要求掌握以下内容:1.引导限制性定语从句的关系词;2.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词;3.限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别;4.介词+关系代词的用法;5.不定代词/数词+of which/whom引导的非限制性定语从句及其该结构与并列句的判断;6.关系词之间的异同现象及选用。

定语从句基本考点:

(1)关系代词引导的定语从句

①who,whom,that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,其中whom只能作宾语。

②which,that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。

③whose用来指人或物,在定语从句中只作定语。

(2)关系副词引导的定语从句

①关系副词when,where,why的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。

需要特别注意:a. 当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词,如:point,situation,case,stage等,如果引导词在从句中作状语,常用关系副词where引导定语从句;如果不作状语,则用关系代词that/which。b. 先行词为occasions,当“时机”讲时,用关系副词when;当“场合”讲时,用关系副词where。

②the way后面的定语从句的关系词。

在定语从句中,the way是一个比较特殊的先行词,当它在从句中充当方式状语时,其后的关系词可以是in which,that或省略;但是当它在从句中充当主语、宾语成分时,其后的关系词就用that或which。

(3)“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

① “介词+关系代词”中的关系代词只有whom(指人),which(指物) 和whose三个。

② “复合介词短语+关系代词”引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号分开,定语从句常用倒装语序。

③ “of+which/whom”表示所属关系。(表所属关系也可用whose)

需要特别注意:该考点考查的重点在于“用不用介词”和“用什么介词”。因此在答题时我们必须注意解题思路。可采用“先行词还原法”将先行词还原到从句中来确定正确的介词,具体做法是:a. 把先行词放在从句中,从句子的意思来判断用不用介词和用什么介词。b. 注意从句中动词、形容词、名词与介词的固定搭配。

(4)as和which引导的定语从句

① as引导的 限制性定语从句

关系代词as,which引导非限制性定语从句的区别:

a. as引导的非限制性定语从句,既可在主句前,又可在主句后,有时还可插入主句中,而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句之后。

b. 当非限制性定语从句放在主句前面时,只能用as。注意此时与名词性从句的互换。

c. as意为“正如……”,后面的谓语动词多是see,know,expect,say,mention,report,announce等;which意为“这一点”。

(5)定语从句中的主谓一致

①关系代词作从句的主语时,从句中谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致,先行词是句子时,从句的谓语动词用单数形式。

②“one of+复数名词”位于关系代词前作先行词时,关系代词在从句中作主语,从句的动词通常用复数,但当one前有the, the only, the very等修饰时,从句的谓语动词要用单数。

名词性从句

命题规律

名词性从句是高考的热点,对于名词性从句考纲要求掌握以下内容:掌握主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句的基本用法,了解同位语从句的基本用法。要求考生在复习备考中应该掌握名词性从句的基本用法;一些易混引导词的辨析;句子的语序、否定前移;名词性从句和定语从句、状语从句的辨析等。

名词性从句基本考点:

(1)名词性从句的连接词

①连接词that,whether和if

I. 这三个连词在句中只起连接作用,不作句子成分,that本身无意义,有时可省略,whether和if本身有意义,均不能省略。that和whether可以连接所有的名词性从句,而if引导 名词性从句时只能引导宾语从句或不在句首的主语从句。

II. whether与if的用法比较

二者均可作“是否”讲,都可以引导名词性从句,引导宾语从句时可以互换。

在下列情况下,常用whether,不用if:a. whether引导从句可以放于句首。b. whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句,if不可。c. whether可以作介词宾语,if则不可。d. whether后可以加不定式,if不可。e. 可以用whether...or引导让步状语从句,意为“无论,不论”,if则不可。

②连接代词

引导名词性从句的连接代词有:who,whom,whose,what,which,whatever,whichever,whoever。连接代词在句中既起连接作用,同时又充当主语、宾语、定语、表语等成分。

③连接副词

引导名词性从句的连接副词有:when,where,how,why。连接副词在句中既是连接词,又作状语。

(2)主语从句

①主语从句在复合句中充当主语,大多数主语从句都可以用it作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。

②that引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语,that不可省;what引导的主语从句表示“……的东西”时,一般不用it作形式主语;whatever,whoever,whichever一般也不用it作形式主语。

I. It+系动词+形容词(necessary,right,likely,unlikely,wrong,important,certain,clear,obvious,strange,normal等)+that从句

II. It+be+名词(短语)(a pity,a shame,good news,a fact,an honour,a wonder,no wonder等)+that从句

III. It+be+过去分词(said,told,heard,reported,decided,suggested,advised,ordered,remembered,thought,considered,well­known,announced等)+that从句

IV. It+特殊动词(seem,appear,happen,matter)+that从句

注意:a. 在“It is necessary,important,strange,natural+that从句”结构中,从句常用“(should)+动词原形”形式。

b. 在“It+be+suggested,advised,ordered,requested,insisted,required+that从句”结构中,that从句应用“(should)+动词原形”。

(3)宾语从句

在句中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句可分为三类:动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。

①动词的宾语从句

I. 大多数动词(hope,tell,say,know,think,consider,imagine,hear,expect,suppose,guess等)可以带宾语从句。

注意:在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词引导的宾语从句中,有时谓语尽管是否定意义,却不用否定形式,而将think等动词变为否定形式,这一现象称为否定前移。

II. 动词find,feel,think,consider,make,believe等后有宾语补足语时,则需要it作形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。

III. 有些动词带宾语从句时习惯上需要在宾语从句前加it。这类动词(词组)有hate,enjoy,like,love,dislike,see to等。

②一般情况下介词后只能用wh­类连接词引导宾语从句。

注意:a. where引导的从句有时也可用作介词的宾语。

b. that引导的从句作介词的宾语是很少有的, 只有在except,in,but等介词后偶尔可能用到。

③sure,certain,glad,pleased,happy,surprised等表示“情感”的形容词后也可带宾语从句。

(4)表语从句

在句中作表语的从句称为表语从句。共分三类:

①主句的主语是idea,advice,suggestion,order,request,requirement等名词时,表语从句的谓语应用虚拟语气,即“(should)+动词原形”的形式。

②主语为名词reason时,表语从句中的连接词要用that,而不用why或because。

③because,as if,as though,as,like等连接词也可引导表语从句。

(5)同位语从句

同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容和实质的从句。<来源:学科网ZXXK>

①能接同位语从句的名词有:belief,fact,hope,idea,doubt,news,conclusion,suggestion,problem,order,answer,decision,explanation,information,thought等。

②同位语从句一般用that引导,但也可以用连接代词(what,which,who)、连接副词(when,where,why,how)或whether引导。<来源:Z+xx+k.Com>

③有时同位语从句不紧跟在它所说明的某个名词后,而是被别的词隔开。

(6)名词性从句的几个难点

①that通常不可省略的四种情况:

I. 引导主语从句,that置于句首时不可省略。

II. 当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时,引导第二个和以后几个从句的that不可省略。

III. 在由it作形式宾语,that引导的宾语从句中,that也不可省略。

IV. 引导表语从句和同位语从句时,that也不可省略。

②what与that的区别:

what在从句中充当一定成分并且具有特定含义“……的人(地方、东西)等”;that只起引导作用,在主语从句中不充当任何成分并且也没有含义。

状语从句

命题规律

考纲要求在复习状语从句中掌握如下几点:1.全面掌握状语从句的九大类别;2.根据历年高考试题,对状语从句的考点要进行全面的归纳,在九大类别中的考查热点中,重点把握在引导时间、地点、条件、让步、比较、原因状语从句的连词运用上;3.熟练运用出现频率较高让步状语从句和原因状语从句;4.做好易混词的辨析如:as, when, while等,时间状语从句因为连接词容易出现在一些常用结构里也经常出现;5. 掌握状语从句中的时态、语态、语气、省略;6.与其它从句、句型结合起来分析、辨析。

状语从句基本考点:

(1)时间状语从句

① when 引导时间状语从句,意为“当……时”,表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生。

② while引导时间状语从句,意为“与……同时,在……期间”,从句常用延续性动词或状态动词。

③ as引导时间状语从句,意为“正当;一边……一边……;随着”等意思,表示两个动作同时发生。

④ as soon as,immediately,directly,instantly,the moment,the minute,the instant,no sooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when...和once这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作随即就发生,常译为“一……就……”。从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。

注意:no sooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when...的时态搭配:no sooner与hardly/scarcely后的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时,而than与when引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外,当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时,应用倒装语序。

⑤before/since

a. 表示“还未……就……;不到……就……;……才……;还没来得及……就……”。

b. It will be+一段时间+before...“多久之后才……”。

c. since的常用句型:It is (has been) /was+一段时间+since(从句用一般过去时/过去完成时)

⑥until/till

主句为肯定句时,谓语用延续 性动词;主句为否定句时,谓语用非延续性动词。

(2)地点状语从句

① 通常由连词where和wherever引导,从句可位于主句之前,也可位于主句之后。

② 地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。

③ where引导的状语从句和定语从句的区别。

where引导地点状语从句直接修饰动词,而在定语从句中where作为关系副词要跟在表示地点的先行词后面。

(3)条件状语从句

① 通常由if“如果”, unless“如果不;除非”,as (so) long as“只要”,in case (that) “结果,万一”,once“一旦”,when“既然”等连词引导。

②由on condition (that),provided (that),providing (that) “倘若;假使”, supposing (that),in case“如果”等引导的条件状语从句。

(4)让步状语从句

① 让步状语从句可由although,though,as, while,even if (though),whatever (wherever,whoever...),whether...or...,no matter who (when,what...) 等引导。

② while作“尽管”讲,引导让步状语从句时,往往放在句首。

(5)原因状语从句和方式状语从句

① 原因状语从句通常由because,since,as,now that,seeing (that),considering that等引导。

② 方式状语从句用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式,常由as“像……一样”, as if (though) “似乎,好像”等引导。

(6)目的状语从句

引导目的状语从句的连词主要有in order that,so that,for fear that “害怕,担心发生某事”, in case “以防”等。从句中常用may,might,can,could,should等情态动词。

特殊句式

命题规律

从近几年高考试题来看,特殊句式主要考查倒装句、省略句和强调句的用法。特殊句式比较杂乱,掌握起来有一定的难度。其中倒装句是高考的热点,强调句是高考的难点。同时,祈使句与陈述句的区别、省略与替代的合理运用也是高考考查的重点项目。近三年的高考题更加注重考查知识之间的交叉现象,如在考查强调句的同时考查定语从句,把省略、强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句的考查等融合在一起,考查考生综合把握语言知识的能力。

特殊句式基本考点:

(1)倒装句

① 完全倒装

a. 表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语,如here,there,now,then,up,down,in,away,off,out,in the room,on the wall等置于句首时,句子用完全倒装。

b. 表语位于句首时,其倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”。

② 部分倒装

a. only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句,且放在句首时。

b. 否定副词never,nor,not,hardly,little,seldom,scarcely,rarely及表否定意义的介词短语at no time,under/in no circumstances,in no case,by no means,on no condition等置于句首时。

c. 当so/neither/nor位于句首时,可将其后的部分谓语置于主语之前,构成部分倒装。

d. hardly...when...,no sooner...than...,not only...but also...等连接两个句子且hardly,no sooner,not only位于句首时,前一个句子用部分倒装,后一个句子不倒装。

e. 在so...that...和such...that...句式中,如果so或such引导的部分位于句首时,主句中的主语和谓语需要部分倒装。

f. as/though引导让步状语从句时,可将表语、状语或谓语动词提前,构成倒装。句式为:表语、状语或动词原形+as/though+主语+其他。(though引导的从句也可用正常语序)

(2)强调句型

① 强调句的基本句型是“It is/was+被强调的部分+that/who+其他部分”。被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等。

② 强调句型的一般疑问句只需将is/was提前;特殊疑问句的结构是“疑问词+is/was+it+that从句”。

③ 如果原句中含有“not...until”,在强调时间状语时,将主句中的否定词not连同状语一起提前。

④ do/does/did强调句型:do/does/did只能对谓语进行强调,且只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定句中。

(3)省略

①在when,while,whenever,till,as soon as,if,unless,as if,though,as等引导的状语从句中,若谓语部分含有be动词,而主语又与主句主语相同或主语是it时,从句的主语和be动词常被省略。

②I'm afraid,I think,I believe,I hope,I guess等作答句,后面跟so与not分别等于肯定或否定,宾语从句可省去。

③不定式省略,单独使用不定式符号to。

注意:用来代替动词不定式后被省略的动词,常在be afraid/glad/happy,expect,forget,hope,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,refuse,seem,try,want,wish等的后边,但be动词后有助动词be 和 have时,be 和 have不能省略。

【考例分析】

【例1】 He was very tired from doing this for a whole day, ______ he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher.

【解析】but 句中very happy与very tired是转折关系,两句间是逗号且没有连词,故填连词but。

【例2】So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much ______ too little.”

【解析】nor 并列连词“neither…nor…”表示“既不…也不…”。

【例3】In the days when an ice cream cost much less, Tom, an 8-year-old boy, entered a hotel coffee shop ______ sat at a table.

【解析】and 句中entered a hotel coffee shop和sat at a table是主语发出的两个并列的动作。

【例4】Cursing my misfortune, I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to ______ should have the honor of receiving me as a guest in their house.

【解析】who 引导宾语从句且在从句中做主语,指人。

【例5】 One day, he came up with an idea ______ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.

【例6】The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered ______ the boy would do.

【解析】what 引导宾语从句并在从句中作do的宾语。

【例7】Jane paused in front of a counter ______ some attractive ties were on display.

【解析】where 句子+句子,中间必填连接词;后句修饰前句,关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。

【例8】 He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder ______ had been his teacher.

【解析】who/that 代替an elder,引导定语从句并在从句中做主语。

【例9】Behind him were other people to ______ he was trying to talk, but after some minutes they walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.

【解析】whom 还原talk to sb.可知,用whom引导定语从句。

【例10】We understand this lesson best ______ we receive gifts of love from children.

【解析】when 引导时间状语从句,表示“当……时”。

【例11】My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me ______ the bus arrived.

【解析】until/till 表示“一直到……”。

【例12】______ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong.

【方法总结】如何判断空格处应填连接词?

(1) 并列连词:如果空格在两个或几个单词或短语之间,那么就可能填连词。

(2) 主从复合句的连接词:如果两个句子之间没有连词,也没有分号或句号,那么一定是填引导从句的连接词。

体验高考

1.【全国高考浙江11月真题】阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Easy Ways to Build Vocabulary

It’s not all that hard to build an advanced and lar ge vocabulary. Like many things in life, it’s___36___ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that there’s enough room for improvement, ___37___means you’ll just keep getting better and better. Of course you have to work at it. You wouldn’t think that a few ___38___ (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough ___39___the rest of your life, and that’s also true for building your vocabulary----you hav e to keep at it daily, and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary.

One of the___40___ (effect) ways to build vocabulary is to read good books. You need to ___41___(real)read at least one good book a week, preferably a classic. This isn’t as hard as it___42___(sound), and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while___43___(read) an interesting piece of literature. Another nice thing is that you learn both new words and ___44___(they)use unconsciously, meaning that you will tend to use the words___45___(learn)this way in conversations almost automatically.

【答案】36. an 37. which 38. months 39. for 40. effective 41. really 42. sounds

43. reading 44. their 45. learned/learnt

【解析】本文讲述了轻松积累词汇的几种方法。

36. 考查冠词。句意:“和生活中许多事情一样,积累词汇也是一个不断发展的过程”,由语境可知填一个, “一个”用不定冠词an表示泛指。故填an。

37. 考查定语从句关系词。句意:通过分析句子结构可知,57 means you’ll … 空白处所填的词指代逗号前的there’s enough room for improvement,which在句中为关系代词,引导非限定性定语从句,并在句中作主语。故填which。

38. 考查名词单复数。句意:你认为青少年时期几个月的记忆锻炼不够。month为可数名词,且由a few可知month应用复数形式。故填months。

39. 考查介词。句意:几个月的记忆锻炼对于余生是不够的。be enough for sth 对······已足够。故填介词for。

40. 考查词性转换。句意:读好书是扩大词汇量有效的方法之一。此处要表达的是“有效的方法之一”,因此填effective。

41. 考查词性转换。句意:你需要一周读一本书。此处应用副词修饰动词 read,因此填really。

42. 考查谓语动词。句意:“这件事并不像听起来那么难”,描述的是一般事实,而且主语为it,因此用sound的一般现在时第三人称单数形式。故填sounds.

44. 考查代词。句意:另一个好处是你不知不觉中学习到了新词和它们的用法。use在此处是名词,故用形容词性物主代词their作定语。故填their。

45. 考查非谓语动词。句意:你自然会在对话中使用这些词汇。learned / learnt作后置定语修饰words,表示“已学过的词”, words与learn是被动的关系,因此用过去分词。故填learned/learnt。

2.<2016·四川卷>

阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The giant panda 1.________ (love) by people throughout the world.Chinese scientists 2.________ (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.She was a very 3.________ (care) mother.For 25 days, she never left her baby,not even to find something 4.________ (eat)!She would not let any other pandas come near.She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean.Any smell might attract natural 5.________ (enemy) that would try to eat the little panda.The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does. 6.________ it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats. The mother continued to care for the young panda 7.________ more than two years.By that time,the panda no longer needed 8.________ (it) mother for food.However, it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest.Then, after two and a half years,the mother 9.________ (drive) the young panda away.It was time for her to have a new baby,10.________ it was also time for the young panda to be independent.

<解析>

1. is loved 考查时态和语态。大熊猫被全世界人们所喜爱。故此处使用一般现在时的被动语态。

2. recently 考查副词。根据句子意思以及句子结构可知,此处应使用副词recently表示“最近”。

3. caring/careful 考查形容词。修饰名词mother应用形容词;而care的形容词可以是caring(体贴的)或careful(小心的)。

4. to eat 考查非谓语动词。此处为动词不定式作不定代词something的后置定语,指“可以吃的东西”。

5. enemies 考查名词。natural enemies“天敌”,且此处应使用复数形式。

6. When/If 考查连词。当/如果它哭……。

7. for 考查介词。此处for表示一段时间。

8. its 考查代词。此处表示“它的母亲”,故使用形容词性物主代词修饰名词mother。

9. drove 考查时态。此处叙述过去的事情,故用一般过去时态。

10. and  考查并列连词。此处两个分句之间为并列关系,故使用a nd。

模拟新题精选

1. 【广东省五校2018届高三12月联考】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个 适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

As I share the experience of this kindness, I’m wearing my widest smile. I usually go to my workplace coffee shop to place___41___order but this Wednesday, it was___42___(slight)different. I called the four waiters, ___43___(ask)them to make a choice of a drink and dessert and bought it for them instead. At first, they didn’t sense___44___was happening but when truth dawned, they___45___(surprise)and a bit embarrassed. However, I explained that it was an act of ___46___(appreciate)and they were truly deserving. This brought a “big” smile and a loud, “thank you.”

I had for a long time had a desire___47___(reach)out to them but my doubting mind had always had an upper hand. On this day too, I had ___48___(thought)like, “What if they refuse?” “What if they say, they don’t like any of the food or drinks?” “What if this” and, “What if that”, but I decided to let go of the worries and listen___49___ my heart.

Now, it was ___50___(they)smiles that drew me to the coffee shop.

【答案】41. an 42. slightly 43. asked 44. what 45. were surprised 46. appreciation

47. to reach 48. thoughts 49. to 50. their

【解析】试题分析:本文作者共享了自己的一段善举的经历。作者为自己常去的咖啡店的服务员购买了一些食物和饮料表示感谢。尽管起初有许多担忧,但是最终作者听从了自己的内心。现在时服务员们的笑容吸引作者进入这家咖啡店。学@科网

41. 考查冠词。place an order“下订单”,order“订单”是可数名词,是以元音因素开头的单词,故填an。

42. 考查副词。修饰形容词用副词作状语,slightly修饰形容词different。故填slightly。

43. 考查动词。句意:相反,我打电话给四位服务员,请他们为自己选择一份饮料喝甜点。此处表示过去发生的一系列动作,用一般过去时。ask与主语I是主动关系。故填asked。

44. 考查宾语从句。句意:起初,他们没有感觉到正在发生什么事。宾语从句中缺乏主语,what引导宾语从句,在从句中作主语、宾语或者表语。故填what。

45. 考查形容词。句意:但是当事实大白时,他们是吃惊并有点尴尬的。表示被修饰语的感受,用过去分词变化来的形容词,现在分词变化来的形容词表示被修饰语的特征。结合句意,句子描述过去发生的事情,主语是复数。故填were surprised。

46. 考查名词。an act of…“……的一种行为”,介词后接名词。appreciate“感激”是动词,其名词形式是appreciation,是不可数名词。故填appreciation。

47. 考查动词。句意:长久以来我有一种渴望,愿意给他们提供帮助,但是我犹豫不决的心理总是占上风。have a desire to do sth.“作……的渴望”是常用搭配。故填to reach。

49. 考查介词。句意:……但是我决定放开这些担忧,倾听我的内心。listen是不及物动词,接宾语加介词to。故填to。<来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§K>

50. 考查代词。句意:现在,他们的笑容吸引我进入这个咖啡店。此句是强调句型,原句是:他们的笑容吸引我进入这家咖啡店。修饰名词用形容词性物主代词。故填their。

2. 【河南省豫北豫南名校2018届高三上学期第二次联考】阅读下面材料,在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Learning to play an instrument is something that can give you a lot of pleasure. It is also an achievement and a skill ___41___stays with your life. Music has a part to play in everyone’s life, and has___42___(describe)as “a primary language.”

Learning to play an instrument isn’t easy at the beginning and ___43___(take)effort and determination. While it is OK to aim for the top, music is___44___(certain)not something to take up because you think you ought to do it.

A lot of adults regret not having learnt to play an instrument when they___45___(be)younger. But it is never too late to learn! And the ___46___(ad vantage)of learning an instrument are far ___47___(great)than just the pleasure of producing an enjoyable sound. When you’ve progressed far enough, there are lots of amateur groups that you can join ___48___you want to be part of a larger group. Once you’ve reached a good enough standard___49___(join)a band or orchestra(管弦乐队), you add the team skills like those you get from playing sport. There’s also a great social side to playing ___50___others, as well as the chance to travel through touring.

【答案】41. which/that 42. been described 43. takes 44. certainly 45. were 46. advantages

47. greater 48. if/when 49. to join 50. with

【解析】学习一种乐器能给你生活带来乐趣。对孩子而言,年龄越大,音乐对他们就越重要。这里给你提供一些建议帮助你教孩子学习乐器。

41. 考查关系代词。句意:会乐器是一种成就,一种终身的技能,先行词是skill,在定语从句中做主语。故填which/that。

42. 考查动词时态语态。句意:音乐被称为早期语言。根据空前的has得知填现在完成时,音乐和称作是被动关系,故填been described。

43. 考查副词。句意:刚开始学乐器不容易,需要努力和决心。Learning to play an srument动名词做主语谓语用单数第三人称。故填takes。

44. 考查副词。句意:音乐当然不是要从事的工作。副词修饰动词,这里副词是当然,动词是be。故填certainly。

45. 考查动词时态。句意:很多成年人后悔在小时候没有学一门乐器。后悔以前的事情用一般过去时。故填were。

47. 考查形容词。句意:学乐器的优点远比欣赏其美妙的声音所带来的快乐多。根据后面的than得知用形容词比较级。故填greater。

48. 考查副词。句意:如果你想要加入更大的组合,这里有很多业余的组合你可以加入。根据语境得知是如果或当你想…的时候。故填if/when。

49. 考查非谓语动词。句意:一旦你达到乐队或管弦乐队的标准,你就会给这个团队增光添彩。用不定式表示表示目的将来。故填to join。

50. 考查介词。句意:和其他人一起弹奏乐器也会营造很好的社会面,也会给你带来环游演出的机会。和某人一起演奏用介词with,故填with。

【名师点睛】

本题难点解读:

1:横线前有被修饰的先行词,且从句中缺少作主语、宾语、表语的引导词时,根据上下文考虑使用关系代词。

It is also an achievement and a skill ___1___stays with your life. 先行词是skill,在定语从句中做主语。先行词后用关系代词。故填which/that。

2:句中已有谓语动词且又无并列连词与括号内提示的动词并列,说明空格需填非谓语动词形式。

Once you’ve reached a good enough standard___9___(join)a band or orchestra(管弦乐队),这里reach与后面join之间没有连词,故判断用非谓语形式,根据语境得知表示目的,故用动词的不定式形式。

3. 【安徽省皖西南名校2018年高三阶段性检测联考】阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Like most people, I was brought up to look upon life as a getting. It was not until in my later thirties____41____ I made this important discovery: giving away things ____42____ (make) life so much more exciting. One discovery I made about giving away is that it is almost ____43____ (possibility) to give away anything in this world without getting something back, though the return often comes in ____44____ unexpected form. One Sunday morning the local post office delivered a letter to my home, though it ____45____ (address) to me at my office. I wrote the postmaster a note of ____46____ (appreciate). More than a year later I needed a post office box for a new business I was starting. I was told at the window that there were no boxes ____47____ (leave), and that my name would have to go on a long waiting list. As I was about to leave, the postmaster appeared in the doorway. He had overheard our conversation. “Wasn’t it you that wrote us a letter a year ago about ____48____ (deliver) a special delivery to your home?” I said yes. “Well, you are ____49____ (certain) going to have a box in this post office if we have to make one for you. You don’t know ____50____ a letter like that means to us. We usually get nothing but complaints.

【答案】41. that 42. makes 43. impossible 44. an 45. was addressed 46. appreciation

47. left 48. delivering 49. certainly 50. what

【解析】文章主要 讲述了作者通过一件事明白了给予事物让生活更令人兴奋。

41. 考查强调句。句意:直到我三十多岁的时候,我才发现了这个重要的发现。It was not until…that…直到...才...根据题意,故填that。

43. 考查形容词作表语。句意:我的一个发现是,在这个世界上,如果没有回报,几乎不可能放弃任何东西。形容词作表语,“it is impossible to do ”,根据题意,故填impossible。

44. 考查不定冠词。句意:我的一个发现是,在这个世界上,如果没有回报,几乎不可能放弃任何东西。根据题意,故填an。学*科网

45. 考查被动语态。句意:一个星期日的早晨,当 地邮局给我的家发了一封信,尽管那封信地址是我的办公室。be addressed to在(信封和包裹)上写姓名地址;致(函)。根据题意,故填was addressed。

46. 考查名词。句意:我写了一封感谢信给邮局局长。介词of后使用名词。根据题意,故填appreciation。

47. 考查过去分词作定语。句意:在窗口我被告知没有箱子了。boxes与leave之间处于被动关系,故使用过去分词作定语。根据题意,故填left。

49. 考查副词。句意:嗯,如果我们必须为你做一个,你肯定会在这个邮局里有一个盒子。副词修饰动词。根据题意,故填certainly。

50. 考查宾语从句。句意:你不知道那封信对我们意味着什么。由what引导宾语从句。根据题意,故填what。

4. 【东北三省三校2017届高三第二次联合模拟】阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。

Over the past years Starbucks coffee ____61____ (become) a coffee chain store. The cafés don’t sell coffee; they sell ____62____ very atmosphere. They offer customers the perfect atmosphere ____63____ which to take time out and relax. Every single store throughout the world is furnished in a romantic style and ____64____ (special) meant to be cozy, private and quiet: earth-toned (褐色调) space, fancy wall paper, lovely paintings, ____65____ (amaze) background and irresistible coffee smell ... The most fantastic decoration style about Starbucks ____66____ (design) with oversized chairs and tables outside the store. When ____67____ comes to a sunny afternoon, I love to take a seat outside, ____68____ (bathe) in the afternoon sunshine, and listening to the lovely music ____69____ tasting the most terrific Cappuccino. This is exactly what I love in here—the Starbucks! This is the café I love not merely because of the café itself, but also because of the ____70____ (feel) it brings me.

【答案】61. has become 62. the 63. in 64. specially 65. amazing 66. is designed 67. it 68. bathed 69. while/when 70. feeling

【解析】本文介绍Starbucks咖啡店的特色。

61. 根据Over the past years可知句子用现在完成时态,句子主语是Starbucks coffee,故答案为has become。

62. 句意:咖啡馆不卖咖啡,他们卖的是这种很好的气氛。此处表示特指,答案为the。

63. 句意:他们为顾客提供了一个完美的氛围,在这氛围里面让他们抽出时间来放松。in which +动词不定式,相当于一个定语从句,可知答案为in。

64. 副词修饰动词,答案为specially。

65. 句意:令人惊讶的背景。形容词修饰名词,答案为amazing。

66. 句意:关于星巴克最棒的装修风格在外面用超大的椅子和桌子设计。句子用一般现在是太的被动语态,答案为is designed。

67. 固定句式:When it comes to---,当谈到---的时候,可知答案为it。

69. 句意:我喜欢在外面坐下,沐浴在阳光明媚的下午,听着美妙的音乐,品尝最美味的卡布奇诺。while/when+ doing sth.在此处相当于时间状语从句,表主动关系,可知答案为while/when.

70. 句意:我喜欢不仅仅因为咖啡馆本身,而是因为它给我带来的感觉。可知答案为feeling。

【名师点睛】

to作介词讲时的用法

to作介词讲时,后面常用名词、代词宾格和动名词。有些固定搭配中的to是介词。学*科网

the key to solving the problem 解决这个问题的关键;the road to success 通向成功的路;a trip to London 伦敦的一次旅行;a visit to Paris pay巴黎的一次访问;pay attention to 重视; object to反对;look forward to期盼;be used to习惯某事或做某事;When it comes to---当谈到---的时候。

5. 【广东七校联合体2018届高三第二次联考试】阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。

Take a tour of Monkey Park

Situated between Jerusalem and the coastal city of Tel Aviv, Israel’s Monkey Park is home _____41_____ more than two hundred and fifty different species of monkeys.

Considered one of the country’s most popular animal ______42______(attraction), it offers a unique experience as it ______43______(run) by the Israeli Primate Foundation, a nonprofit organization whose aim is to provide a rehabilitation(康复) center for monkeys while ______44______(educate) the public about these lovely creatures.

Over the last two years the park ______45______(receive) 650 monkeys from a breeding farm that shut down. Most monkeys in ______46______ park live in enclosures(圈地). Visitors are able to view them up close and, thanks to one ______47______(special) designed section, are even able to interact with them. Right outside the visiting area is the rehabilitation center. That’s _____48_____ monkeys who need care are being nursed back to health.

Among the family-friendly activities ______49______(offer) at Monkey Park for human visitors are workshops, rides and wall climbing. There are also comprehensive guided walking tours, ______50______ last up to three hours.

One feature of the Monkey Park is the children’s playground. But it’s still the monkeys that attract people most.

【答案】41. to 42. attractions 43. is run 44. educatin 45. has received 46. the 47. specially 48. where 49. offered 50. which

【解析】文章介绍了猴子公园,包括它的地理位置,特点,经营模式等。

41. to考查介词。句意:以色列的猴子公园位于耶路撒冷和特拉维夫海滨城市之间,有250多种不同种类的猴子。home to是…的故乡,故填to.

42. attractions考查名词复数。句意:它被认为是该国最受欢迎的动物景点之一,动物景点用名词复数形式,故填attractions。

43. is run考查时态和语态。句意:它是由以色列灵长类基金会管理的,表示这个动作现在的情况,用一般现在时态;是被管理的,用被动语态。故填is run。

45. has received考查时态。句意:该公园已经从饲养场中接收了650只猴子。用完成时态,故填has received。

46. the考查冠词。句意:公园里大多数猴子生活在围墙里。这个公园the park,故填the。

47. specially考查副词。句意:而且多亏了一个特别设计的部分。特别地specially副词作状语,故填specially。

48. where考查连词。句意:在那里,需要照顾的猴子正被照顾着恢复健康。where引导表语从句。故填where。

49. offered考查动词过去分词。句意:在猴子公园为游客提供的适合家庭的活动中,有工作室、游乐设施和攀爬墙。offered过去分词作定语修饰activities,故填offered。

50. which考查关系代词。句意:此外,还有全面的导游徒步旅行,最长可达三个小时。Which引导非限制性定语从句,which在从句中作主语,故填which。

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2024-03-08

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