新概念第三册笔记 L8 A famous monastery （2）
课文讲解：
1. connect A with/ to B A和B连接起来
e.g. The Channel Tunnel has connected Britain with mainland Europe for the first time.
类似短语：
link A with/ to B
join A to B
The Verrazano Bridge, which was designed by Othmar Ammann, joins Brooklyn to Staten Island.
connect A with/ to B 头脑中的联系
=link A with/ to B
There is no evidence to link/ connect him with the murder.
associate A with B 把A和B联系起来
relate A to B
There are countless people who, ever since their early years, have learned to associate snails with food.
2. at …指海拔高度
=at an altitude of …
Being（省略） at 2,473 meters, ...
造句：4807米的勃朗峰(Mont Blanc) 是阿尔卑斯山脉(the Alps) 的最高峰。
At 4,807 meters, Mont Blanc is the highest peak of the Alps.
造句：因为只有35岁，他是这所大学里最年轻的教授。
At the age of 35, he is the youngest professor at the university.
3. the Aegean island of Kea，of 引出地点名称
e.g. the promontory of Ayia Irini
the tiny village of Perachora
the novel of Three Kingdoms X
the novel entitled Three Kingdoms
the movie entitled Da Vinci Code
the man named/ called Vincent
4. The body of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenth century B.C.
date from … 追溯到…,dating from 现在分词修饰remains.
=date back to …
=can be traced back to …
…, which dates from the 11th century, …
…, which dates back to the 11th century, …
…, which can be traced back to the 11th century, …
5. An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini.
Stand 位于，强调立体性
6. cross the pass on foot 徒步穿越
a) cross + 宾语+ 方式状语 用某个方式穿越某地
e.g. cross the pass in cars 驾车穿越
b) 动词+ across + 宾语 用某种方式穿越某地
e.g. They quickly loaded a small rubber dinghy with food, matches, and tins of beer and rowed for a few miles across the Caribbean until they arrived at a tiny coral island.
row across the Caribbean 划船穿越
In 1908 Lord Northcliffe offered a prize of ￡1000 to the first man who would fly across the English Channel.
fly across the English Channel 驾飞机穿越
以上两种穿越方式可以互换：
Cross the pass on foot = walk across the pass
Cross the pass in cars == drive across the pass
row across the Caribbean = cross the Caribbean by boat
7. friendly adj.友好的，无害的
environment-friendly 环保的
ozone-friendly 臭氧层无害的
8. bring … from …: 从……带来……
introduce … from …: 从……引进……
e.g. ..., which were introduced from Asia, …
The grey squirrel was introduced into Britain from North America.
In the early days of the settlement of Australia, enterprising settlers unwisely introduced the European rabbit.
9. be used as …被当作…
=act/ serve/ function as …
…, acted/ served/ functioned as watchdogs even in Roman Times.
10. Now that a tunnel has been built through the mountains（原因状语从句）, the Pass is less dangerous, but each year, the dogs are still sent out into the snow whenever a traveller is in difficulty(让步状语从句).
now (that) conj. 同时表示时间和原因,
Now (that) you are a big boy you must behave better.
现在（因为）你已经是大男孩了，你必须表现好一些。
Tunnel n. 隧道，地道(人工开凿的)
the Channel Tunnel
canal n.运河
the Panama Canal
温故：疑问词+ ever的含义
1. 表示“到底……” 引导疑问句，加强疑问语气；
'Whatever are you doing up here Bill?' asked the vicar in surprise.
2. 表示“无论……”引导让步状语从句。
= no matter + 疑问词
Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits.
=No matter where it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits.
…, the dogs are still sent out into the snow no matter when a traveller is in difficulty.
知新：“疑问词+ever”表示“无论”时还可以用于名词性从句，此时≠“no matter+ 疑问词”，因为后者只能用于让步状语从句。
Whoever wants to sign up for the course（主语从句） is welcome. √
No matter who wants to sign up for the course is welcome. X
No matter who wants to sign up for the course（让步状语从句）, he is welcome. √
Whatever project he works on is always successful.
=No matter what project he works on, it is always successful.
11. attempt to do sth. 努力/设法做某事
=try to do sth.
=make an attempt to do sth.
=make an effort to do sth.
=seek to do sth.
e.g. But the historian attempting to reconstruct the distant past is always faced with a difficult task.
I made an attempt to apologize, but Brian wouldn't even talk to me.
Over a year passed before the first attempt was made.
It seems that man was making a real effort to understand the seasons 20,000 years earlier than has been supposed.
… if, in a word, beauty means something, yet we must not seek to interpret the meaning.
12. During the summer months, the monastery is very busy, for it is visited by thousands of people who cross the Pass in cars.
in cars = by car
表示“使用某种交通工具”的介词短语，“by”后要直接加单数名词；“in”后的名词要有人称和数的变化。
e.g. You can go to the airport in my car.
We crossed the river in a boat.
13. As there are so many people about(原因状语从句,about在…周围), the dogs have to be …
原因状语从句可用独立主格替换，
=(With) so many people (being) about, the dogs have to be …
14. keep: =confine 把……关起来
e.g. He was kept/ confined in prison.
You shouldn't keep/ confine the bird in a cage.
15. life at the monastery 修道院的生活
life on a desert island荒岛上的生活
life in the army部队的生活
life on campus 校园生活
16.quite adv. completely 完全，截然
e.g. The other side of the picture is quite the opposite.
He used to sleep during the day and work at night, quite unaware （完全不知道）of the fact that he had become the ghost of Endley.
Long car journeys are even less pleasant, for it is quite impossible （完全不可能）even to read.
We live in dread not only of unpleasant insects like spiders or wasps, but of quite harmless （完全无害的）ones like moths.
No two sorts of birds practise quite the same（完全相同的） sort of flight; …
17. fall下降，掉下来
e.g. The temperature falls to -30°…
Little by little the eleven minutes fell to zero.
类似词语：
plunge 骤降，暴跌
e.g. The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water.
The temperature plunges to -30°…
dive to ... 跳水，骤降，暴跌
increase to ...上升
rise to ... 上升
rocket to ...暴涨
soar to ... 暴涨
The temperature drops by 10°.温度下降了10度。
“─30° ”读法
minus 30 degrees/30 degrees below zero
“─30°C “读法
minus 30 degrees Centigrade/ Celsius
“─30°F” 读法 minus30 degrees Fahrenheit
18. prefer A to B 更喜欢A不大喜欢B
e.g. I prefer mutton to beef. 我更喜欢吃羊肉不大喜欢牛肉。
prefer doing to doing 更喜欢做某事而不喜欢做某事
e.g. I prefer standing to sitting down.
She prefers shopping to studying.
Prefer A rather than B 更喜欢A而不喜欢B
I prefer mutton rather than beef.
prefer to do rather than do更喜欢做某事而不喜欢做某事
I prefer to stand rather than sit down.
would rather do than do 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
I’d rather stand than sit down.
… people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.
19. permit sb. to do 允许某人做某事
=allow sb. to do
=give sb. permission to do
20. wander: to walk aimlessly 漫无目的地闲逛
= roam
21. He is one of our restaurant’s regulars.
Regular n.常客
A：What’ll it be?您想吃点什么？
B: The usual, please. 平时点的菜
22. Party 一群人（有共同目的的）
a party of tourists 一群游客
a search party 搜寻小分队
a rescue party救援队
类似词语：group/ bunch/ crowd/ band 可与party替换
Six hundred years ago, Sir John Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a band of soldiers and settled near Florence.
Team 团队
Gang 匪帮
Delegation代表
Galaxy 一群伟人
a galaxy of artists/ scientists一群伟大的艺术家/科学家
23. on Christmas Day （在节日当天用on,在节日期间用at）
on Easter Day
on weekends 美式
at weekends 英式
24. receive + n. 受到……; 得到……；遭到……
receive a warm welcome受到热烈欢迎
Let’s all extend a warm welcome to our visitors.致以热烈的欢迎
No creature has received more praise and abuse than the common garden snail.
receive insults遭到侮辱
receive support得到支持
receive adequate treatment 得到充分治疗
receive good education受到良好教育
This exhibition received a great deal of attention in the press, … 受到广泛关注